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The oldest written documents showing shiraz background and its construction date are related to clay tablets of Persepolis representing the words ‘Shi Razi Ish’.
Researchers believe that the construction of Shiraz was in the Achaemenid era as a construction workshop for Persepolis. Shiraz was the capital of Iran in the past and four periods ( Deilamian, Atabakan, al‑Alinjo, Almozaffar, Zand era). Shiraz city an area of 1,264 kilometers and a rectangular shape is located in southwestern Iran. Shiraz city neighbors are Marvdasht and Sepidan in the north, Servestan and Kharameh in the east, Kavar, and Firoozabad in the south, and Kazeroon in the west. Shiraz on four sides is surrounded by the mountain that is added to the beauty of this historic plain and moderate climate.
The current structure of Hafezieh (the tomb of Hafez) was designed during the reign of Reza Shah by André Godard.
His father before could raise his son, passed away. Hafez continued acquiring knowledge in sciences and literature beside the great teachers of that time like Seyyed Sharif Jorjani and Abu Abdollah Qavvamodin in Shiraz. He then entered the world of mysticism. he has memorized the whole Quran and read it in fourteen stories; so he is called Hafez. Hafez Divan has more than six thousand bits that contain odes, sonnets, couplets, quatrains, and suites. the most famous of them are his poems.
Hafez is one of the famous poets of the 8th century Hijri era. The eight columns constructed in the Hafeziyeh are symbolic of that century. On the other hand, these eight columns signify eight gates, in reality representing the eight gates of paradise, with all eight gates opened to Hafez. and over the centuries after his death; his book is being published in various languages in the world. undoubtedly, we can say that in every Iranian house and beside Holy Quran, a cover of Hafez Divan Could be found. Hafez of Shiraz was greatly fond of his hometown, but once invited by the king of Hindustan, he decided to embark on a journey to this land. However, when faced with the turbulent sea, he felt fear and despair, abandoning the trip and returning to his homeland, Persia. For the second time, he set out on a journey to Yazd at the invitation of the ruler of that city. Initially, he spent good days in Yazd, but gradually the situation changed, and he confronted a dictatorship. Hafez was imprisoned in a prison known as Suleiman prison. After his release, Hafez returned to Fars and spent the rest of his life in Shiraz.
بده ساقی مِیِ باقی که در جنّت نخواهی یافت کنار آب رُکنآباد و گُلگَشت مُصَلّا را
The photo is related to three years before the installation of the Hafezieh mausoleum, in the year 1316 AH (Islamic calendar).
The huge and magnificent tomb of Hafiz was built in Karim Khan Zand’s era in the year 1188 A.hl.. This mausoleum consists of four unified columns, distinguished by paintings depicting flowers and bushes, which still bear traces of colors on the remaining parts of the columns, unlike other columns.it had two open parts in the north and south and also two small rooms on the corners of it. the tomb was located in the northern part and there was a large garden in the southern part of the site.
At that time, Karim Khan Zand ordered a large marble stone from Maragheh to be cut into two pieces. One piece was used for the pulpit of the mosque, and the other was placed on Hafez’s tomb. He instructed Haj Aqassi Beig Afshar to be laid by the poems of Hafez lyrics on the tombstone.
Translation:
Announce the good news of your union, for I will rise from the depths of my soul,
I am the sacred bird, and I will soar beyond the entanglements of the world.
Under your guardianship, even if you consider me your servant,
I will rise above the limitations of existence and space.
O Lord, send a rain of guidance from the clouds of enlightenment,
Before I, like dust, emerge from the midst.
Sit with me over my grave with wine and a musician,
So that, with the fragrance of your essence, I may dance in ecstasy.
Arise and manifest your sweet gestures, O enchanting idol,
So that I may raise my hands in celebration from the core of my being and the world.
Though I am aged, for a night, embrace me tightly in your arms,
So that by dawn, rejuvenated, I may rise from beside you.
On the day of my death, grant me a breath’s respite for a farewell meeting,
So that like Hafez, I may rise from the soul and the world.
A photo of the mausoleum during the time of Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar – the designer of the mausoleum (Mazin Al Doleh).
To the reign of the just king Mozaffar ad-Din Shah / By the command of his free-born son, Malik Mansur,
The enlightened engineer, Mozzanel-Doleh, / Implemented the design and laid the foundation by order.
Started in the year nineteen hundred and nineteen (1319 AH) / The radiance of sovereignty adorned this side of the mausoleum.
After a while, during the time of Pahlavi I, the command was given to entrust the current site of Hafez’s tomb to Andre Godard, a skilled designer. He then created this extraordinary architectural masterpiece.
Moshrefoddin Mosleh Ibn‑e abdollah Shirazi known as “Sa’adi” was born in Shiraz in the early seventh century A.H.
Karim Khani Citadel is the most important and supreme building of the Zand era which was made by the order of Karim Khan Zand 1180 A.H.
This Citadel has been the center of the Karim Khan Zand dynasty and was also the home of. This building has been built with an infrastructure of 4,000Square meters and land, and an extent of 12,800 square meters.
Brick walls of this building are 12 meters high and in all four corners of the Citadel, exists a tower with a height of about 15 meters. On the body of the walls and towers could be seen simple and beautiful brick paintings, on the entrance of the Citadel, the battlefield of killing a spook by Rostam has been stamped with seven colors tiling. The beautiful tiling was added to the Citadel in the Qazar period. a vestibule makes up the entrance of the Citadel which enters the backyard from one hand and to an inner courtyard from one hand and an inner courtyard on the other hand. The Citadel has a northern alcove (winter staying), a southern one (summer staying), and the western building has four seasons during the whole year. unlike the exterior surface of the citadel, the interior side has a beautiful view.
within the Rooms has been decorated with continental figures such as flowers, bergamot, and birds. after the collapse of the Zand dynasty and the rise of the Qajar dynasty, the citadel became a place for governors and rulers and until the early period of the Pahlavi era was used as a prison. Part of the decoration of this citadel has been transferred to Tehran in the Qajar dynasty. This monument was registered as a national work in 1973 AD.
This mosque is built on the east of Kolahfarangi, between Vakkil bathroom and Market and it is considered a masterpiece of the Zand period.
Vakil Mosque was built by the order Karim Khan in the year 1187 A.H. mosque building with an area of about 11.000 square meters consists of a grand entrance, courtyard, north and south arches, east and south Shabestan, east and west porticos, and a small yard. Shabestan of Vakil Mosque has beautiful ceramics, carved pillars, and an integrated fourteen‑step marble pulpit which are of Zand Period masterpieces. this pulpit is the sign of fourteen innocent Imams having fourteen stone steps and then its stone has been brought from Maragheh to Shiraz. north arch of Vakkil Mosque is known as “pearl arch”. it is 12 meters wide and 20 meters long. On top of this arch, there are two beautiful tiled minarets.
Vakil Bazar would be another architecture and unique masterpiece dating back to the Zand period.
Nasir al‑Mulk Mosque is one of the most beautiful historical mosques of the Qajar era which is placed in Shiraz in the neighborhood of Gowerban and Alatfali Khan Streets.
Construction of Naranjestan Qavam was started by Ali Mohammad Khan Qavamolmolk the second in 1290 A.H and ended by his son, Mohammad Reza Khan Qavamolmolk 1305 A.H..
Shapouri House or Shapouri Pavilion and Garden is an early 20th‑century Persian building and garden in the city of Shiraz, Iran.
It has 840 square metres of underpinning and 4635 square metres of garden area, and it is built on two floors. This building is in the old central region of Shiraz, known as Anvari. This mansion was registered as a national building in 2000 with registration number 2781. Shapouri mansion was designed by Abolghasem Mohandesi and built between 1930 and 1935; the owner was Abdolsaheb Shapuori, a wealthy Iranian merchant. This building is unique and very innovative. During the years of 1990 to 2000, Shapouri’s family was living here but after years, the house became vacant. Shapouri House is so specific and distinguished from other historical buildings of the region at that time. It is built in the style of Qajar architecture and is one of the first buildings whose architecture has a free approach.
In Iranian architecture, having a balcony in the building has not been very common, but it has a balcony with 14 pillars that it’s an innovation in Iranian architecture at the time. Also in the design of Shapoori mansion, a staircase has been used which is not seen in any of the buildings of that period. In general, the plan of the mansion was very special and unique in its period.
Upon entering, a big Iranian pool, colorful balcony, wall paintings at top of the stairs, the mirror work, hand painted walls, stucco and traditional decorations comes across, which together create a breathtaking scene. Some of the invaluable features of Shapouri House are the western (major) façade decorations, circular and designed gypsums columns, tilings with achaemenids designs on the upper porch. The trees which planted in this mansion include cedar, maple, sycamore, fig, pomegranate, orange, date and geranium and rose flowers.
This 100‑year‑old monument is so beautiful that it creates a lot of excitement and energy for every viewer. From the beginning of entering the garden, involuntary your eyes involved in the abundant and busy decorations of the facade of the mansion. It is as if you have entered a world of shapes and colors. The monument was registered.
Eram Garden is one of the most famous gardens of Shiraz which is located in the northern part of Shiraz in Eram Street.
During Deilamian, in the middle of Tang‑e Allaoakbar, at babakouhi Mountain and Chehel Moqam, a tall arch like a gate was build and its founder was knowns as Azzadaddoleh Deilami.
in the solar year of 2002 AD., eight known holy war martyrs were buried beside the Monitoring tower.
Abomohammad Ibn‑e Obeidalhat was a great Sufi elder of the fourth‑century A.H.
He was known in Arabic sources was recorded as “Abniakoyeh” at the end of his life lived on a hillside to retreat near Shiraz, known as Babakouhi to all people, Abniakoyeh was a disciple of Sheikh Abu Abdullah ibn Khafif and become proficient in various fields, particularly in the Hadith narrating and familiarity with anecdotes and scholars.
Ghalat Village has located almost 36 Km from the northwestern side of Shiraz.
Mount Derak (also known as Kuh Barfi or Mother Mount) is a sedimentary rock mountain in Shiraz, Fars, in the Middle East region in Iran.
